{"id":696,"date":"2026-09-01T18:59:03","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T16:59:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/?p=696"},"modified":"2026-10-21T19:51:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T17:51:41","slug":"ratio-riesgo-beneficio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/ratio-riesgo-beneficio\/","title":{"rendered":"Ratio riesgo beneficio: qu\u00e9 significa realmente una relaci\u00f3n 1:2, 1:3 o 1:1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Que-significa-una-relacion-riesgo-beneficio-1024x683.png\" alt=\"Ratio riesgo beneficio en trading 1:2 1:3 y 1:1\" class=\"wp-image-700\" srcset=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Que-significa-una-relacion-riesgo-beneficio-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Que-significa-una-relacion-riesgo-beneficio-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Que-significa-una-relacion-riesgo-beneficio-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Que-significa-una-relacion-riesgo-beneficio.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Para el ratio riesgo beneficio antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n de trading no basta con saber d\u00f3nde entrar. Tambi\u00e9n debemos saber <strong>cu\u00e1nto estamos dispuestos a perder y cu\u00e1nto esperamos obtener si el escenario se desarrolla a nuestro favor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Aqu\u00ed aparece uno de los conceptos fundamentales de la gesti\u00f3n de una operaci\u00f3n: el <strong>ratio riesgo beneficio<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n 1:1, 1:2 o 1:3 no indica que una operaci\u00f3n vaya a ganar ni que exista una determinada probabilidad de \u00e9xito. Simplemente establece una comparaci\u00f3n entre la p\u00e9rdida potencial y el beneficio potencial de una operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Comprender esta relaci\u00f3n permite analizar mejor nuestras operaciones y evitar entrar en el mercado sin conocer previamente qu\u00e9 estamos arriesgando frente a nuestro objetivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el ratio riesgo beneficio?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio riesgo beneficio compara:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Lo que podemos perder frente a lo que podemos ganar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo, si estamos dispuestos a perder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y nuestro objetivo es ganar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>20 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">tenemos una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esto significa que por cada unidad monetaria que arriesgamos, buscamos obtener dos unidades si la operaci\u00f3n alcanza nuestro objetivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No significa que vayamos a ganar dos veces lo arriesgado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Significa que <strong>el beneficio potencial es dos veces el riesgo asumido<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa una relaci\u00f3n 1:1?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n <strong>1:1<\/strong> significa que el beneficio potencial es igual al riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo: 50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Beneficio potencial: 50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 \u00f7 50 = 1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La relaci\u00f3n es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si tenemos una operaci\u00f3n de este tipo y alcanza el Stop Loss, perdemos 50 \u20ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si alcanza el objetivo, obtenemos potencialmente 50 \u20ac, antes de costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Ejemplo gr\u00e1fico sencillo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Entrada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>95<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>105<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33\">\n<li>Riesgo: 5 puntos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beneficio potencial: 5 puntos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ratio: <strong>1:1<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa una relaci\u00f3n 1:2?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n <strong>1:2<\/strong> significa que buscamos un beneficio potencial equivalente al doble del riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo: 50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Beneficio potencial: 100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En t\u00e9rminos de precio podr\u00edamos tener:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Entrada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>95<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>110<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La distancia hasta el Stop es de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La distancia hasta el objetivo es de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 : 10 = 1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa una relaci\u00f3n 1:3?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n <strong>1:3<\/strong> significa que el beneficio potencial es tres veces el riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo: 50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Beneficio potencial: 150 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En t\u00e9rminos de precio:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Entrada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>95<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>115<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Distancia al Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Distancia al objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>15 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 : 15 = 1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa realmente el primer n\u00famero?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">el primer n\u00famero representa el <strong>riesgo<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El segundo representa el <strong>beneficio potencial<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-fixed-layout\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb\"><thead><tr><th>Ratio<\/th><th>Riesgo<\/th><th>Beneficio potencial<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1:1<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:2<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:3<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:4<\/td><td>1<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La ventaja de utilizar esta forma de expresarlo es que podemos comparar operaciones independientemente de la cantidad concreta de dinero utilizada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ig.com\/en\/risk-management\/risk-reward\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">IG Academy \u2014 Risk\/Reward Ratio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es importante conocerlo antes de entrar?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Porque nos permite conocer previamente la estructura de la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Antes de abrir una posici\u00f3n deber\u00edamos poder responder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfD\u00f3nde entro?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfD\u00f3nde queda invalidada la operaci\u00f3n?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1 mi objetivo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto arriesgo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto puedo ganar si alcanza el objetivo?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si no podemos responder a estas preguntas, estamos entrando en el mercado sin conocer completamente la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio riesgo beneficio nos obliga a pensar en estos elementos <strong>antes de ejecutar la entrada<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El ratio no indica la probabilidad de ganar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este punto es fundamental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una operaci\u00f3n con ratio:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">no tiene necesariamente m\u00e1s probabilidades de ganar que una operaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio solamente compara el riesgo con el beneficio potencial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos tener:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:3 con una probabilidad de acierto baja<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1 con una probabilidad de acierto elevada.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso no debemos analizar el ratio de forma aislada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Hay que combinarlo con la <strong>probabilidad de \u00e9xito de la estrategia<\/strong> y con los resultados obtenidos hist\u00f3ricamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio <strong>no determina por s\u00ed solo la probabilidad de \u00e9xito<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/r\/riskrewardratio.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Investopedia \u2014 Risk\/Reward Ratio<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El concepto de esperanza matem\u00e1tica<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Aqu\u00ed aparece un concepto especialmente importante para entender el trading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La <strong>esperanza matem\u00e1tica<\/strong> intenta estimar cu\u00e1nto puede producir o perder una estrategia, en promedio, despu\u00e9s de muchas operaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una forma simplificada de expresarla es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Esperanza = (probabilidad de ganar \u00d7 beneficio medio) \u2212 (probabilidad de perder \u00d7 p\u00e9rdida media)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo, imaginemos una estrategia con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>40 % de operaciones ganadoras<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>60 % de operaciones perdedoras<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si arriesgamos 1 unidad por operaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ganancia esperada de las operaciones ganadoras:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,40 \u00d7 2 = 0,80<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">P\u00e9rdida esperada de las operaciones perdedoras:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,60 \u00d7 1 = 0,60<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esperanza:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,80 \u2212 0,60 = +0,20<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En este ejemplo simplificado, la estrategia tendr\u00eda una esperanza positiva de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+0,20 unidades por operaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">antes de costes y otros factores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 porcentaje de acierto necesitamos?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una de las preguntas m\u00e1s frecuentes es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 porcentaje de operaciones tengo que ganar?\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Depende del ratio riesgo beneficio y de los costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Sin considerar costes, para alcanzar el punto de equilibrio podemos utilizar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Porcentaje de acierto de equilibrio = Riesgo \u00f7 (Riesgo + Beneficio)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Ratio 1:1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Necesitamos aproximadamente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Ratio 1:2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Necesitamos aproximadamente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>33,3 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Ratio 1:3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Necesitamos aproximadamente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>25 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esto <strong>no significa que un trader pueda ser rentable simplemente utilizando un ratio elevado<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Los costes, el slippage, la ejecuci\u00f3n, la variaci\u00f3n de resultados y la calidad de las entradas tambi\u00e9n importan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Una tabla para entenderlo mejor<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos que realizamos 100 operaciones y arriesgamos una unidad en cada una.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure style=\"font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-text-color has-link-color has-fixed-layout\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb\"><thead><tr><th>Ratio<\/th><th>Acierto necesario aprox.<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1:1<\/td><td>50 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:2<\/td><td>33,3 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:3<\/td><td>25 %<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1:4<\/td><td>20 %<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cuanto mayor es el beneficio potencial respecto al riesgo, menor es el porcentaje de acierto necesario <strong>matem\u00e1ticamente para alcanzar el punto de equilibrio<\/strong>, siempre que los resultados reales se aproximen a esos supuestos y antes de costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfSignifica que debemos buscar siempre 1:3 o 1:4?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este es otro error habitual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un ratio mayor no siempre significa una operaci\u00f3n mejor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos que una estrategia necesita un objetivo muy lejano para conseguir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero existen niveles importantes de mercado antes de llegar a ese objetivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos tener una operaci\u00f3n con un ratio aparentemente excelente pero con una probabilidad muy baja de alcanzar el objetivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por el contrario, una operaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1,5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">podr\u00eda encajar perfectamente con la estructura y comportamiento de una determinada estrategia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-146 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>El mejor ratio es el que resulta coherente con el sistema y las condiciones del mercado.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El mercado debe determinar el Stop y el objetivo<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No deber\u00edamos elegir un ratio arbitrariamente y despu\u00e9s modificar la estructura de la operaci\u00f3n para conseguirlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"Quiero que todas mis operaciones sean 1:3.\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Y para conseguirlo colocamos un objetivo a una distancia que el mercado dif\u00edcilmente puede alcanzar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Es preferible analizar primero:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153\">\n<li>Estructura.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Soportes y resistencias.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Liquidez.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Volatilidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contexto.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Posibles objetivos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Punto de invalidaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Despu\u00e9s podemos determinar qu\u00e9 ratio ofrece realmente la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El Stop Loss determina parte del ratio<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Entrada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.500<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.490<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos un riesgo de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si nuestro objetivo est\u00e1 en:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.520<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>20 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-166 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-167 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 : 20 = 1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-168 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si modificamos el objetivo a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-169 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.530<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-170 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-171 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 : 30 = 1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-172 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La operaci\u00f3n es la misma, pero el objetivo cambia el ratio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-173 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Sin embargo, eso no significa que el segundo objetivo sea necesariamente mejor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-174 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos que valorar si el mercado tiene capacidad real para llegar hasta all\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ratio riesgo beneficio y tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-175 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio no determina por s\u00ed solo cu\u00e1nto dinero estamos arriesgando.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-176 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos tener:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-177 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2 arriesgando 5 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-178 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-179 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2 arriesgando 100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-180 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio es exactamente el mismo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-181 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Lo que cambia es el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n y el riesgo monetario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-182 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso debemos diferenciar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-183 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo monetario<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-184 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">de<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-185 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Ratio riesgo beneficio<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-186 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-187 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-188 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Los tres conceptos est\u00e1n relacionados, pero no son lo mismo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-189 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Para aplicar correctamente una relaci\u00f3n riesgo\/beneficio tambi\u00e9n debemos saber <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/tamano-de-posicion-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">calcular el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n<\/a><\/strong> en funci\u00f3n del riesgo que estamos dispuestos a asumir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo con una cuenta peque\u00f1a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-190 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-191 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Capital:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-192 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1.000 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-193 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Riesgo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-194 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,5 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-195 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-196 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-197 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos una operaci\u00f3n con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-198 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-199 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si alcanza el Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-200 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u22125 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-201 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si alcanza el objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-202 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-203 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ahora imaginemos diez operaciones:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-204\">\n<li>4 ganadoras.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>6 perdedoras.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-205 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Resultado:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-206 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>4 \u00d7 10 \u20ac = +40 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-207 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>6 \u00d7 5 \u20ac = \u221230 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-208 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Resultado te\u00f3rico:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-209 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-210 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">antes de costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-211 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este ejemplo demuestra por qu\u00e9 una estrategia no necesita acertar m\u00e1s del 50 % necesariamente para poder tener una esperanza positiva.<strong>operaci\u00f3n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Los costes cambian el resultado<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-212 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Los c\u00e1lculos anteriores son simplificados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-213 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En una operaci\u00f3n real podemos tener:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-214\">\n<li>Spread.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Comisiones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swap.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Slippage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Otros costes de ejecuci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-215 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Estos costes reducen el resultado final.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-216 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso una estrategia que aparentemente tiene una peque\u00f1a ventaja matem\u00e1tica puede tener un resultado diferente cuando se opera realmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-217 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cuanto menor sea el objetivo en relaci\u00f3n con los costes, mayor importancia pueden adquirir estos factores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-218 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El resultado real tambi\u00e9n puede verse afectado por el <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/slippage-en-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">slippage y la ejecuci\u00f3n<\/a><\/strong>, especialmente durante movimientos r\u00e1pidos del mercado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ratio te\u00f3rico frente a ratio real<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-219 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos que planificamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-220 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo = 10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-221 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Objetivo = 20 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-222 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-223 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-224 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero durante la operaci\u00f3n sufrimos costes y una ejecuci\u00f3n diferente de la prevista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-225 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El resultado real puede no coincidir exactamente con ese 1:2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-226 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso es conveniente distinguir entre:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-227 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Ratio planificado<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-228 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-229 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>resultado real de la operaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El ratio tambi\u00e9n depende del tipo de estrategia<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-230 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No todas las estrategias utilizan necesariamente los mismos ratios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-231 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un sistema de scalping puede trabajar con objetivos relativamente peque\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-232 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una estrategia intrad\u00eda puede buscar movimientos m\u00e1s amplios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-233 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una estrategia de swing trading puede mantener posiciones durante varios d\u00edas y buscar recorridos mayores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-234 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso no tiene sentido afirmar que:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-235 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"1:3 es siempre mejor que 1:1.\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-236 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La respuesta depende de la estrategia, del mercado y de la capacidad real de alcanzar los objetivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Errores habituales<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 1: Buscar un ratio enorme<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-237 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pensar que cuanto mayor sea el segundo n\u00famero, mejor ser\u00e1 la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 2: Ignorar la probabilidad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-238 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un 1:5 puede parecer espectacular, pero si casi nunca alcanza el objetivo, su utilidad puede ser limitada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 3: Mover el Stop<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-239 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ampliar el Stop para evitar una p\u00e9rdida modifica completamente el riesgo inicial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 4: Acercar el objetivo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-240 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Reducir el objetivo \u00fanicamente para aumentar la probabilidad de conseguirlo puede cambiar el ratio y la estrategia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 5: Confundir ratio con rentabilidad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-241 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un ratio 1:3 no garantiza una estrategia rentable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 6: No considerar los costes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-242 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Spread, comisi\u00f3n y slippage pueden reducir el resultado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Error 7: Cambiar el ratio despu\u00e9s de entrar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-243 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Mover continuamente el objetivo o Stop puede alterar las estad\u00edsticas del sistema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00f3mo analizar una operaci\u00f3n antes de entrar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-244 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos establecer un procedimiento sencillo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 1 \u2014 Analizar el contexto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-245 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Determinar qu\u00e9 est\u00e1 haciendo el mercado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 2 \u2014 Encontrar la zona de entrada<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-246 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Buscar una zona que tenga sentido dentro de nuestra estrategia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 3 \u2014 Determinar la invalidaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-247 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Establecer d\u00f3nde deja de tener sentido nuestra hip\u00f3tesis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 4 \u2014 Colocar el Stop<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-248 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Determinar la distancia necesaria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 5 \u2014 Determinar el objetivo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-249 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Buscar una zona razonable donde pueda producirse el movimiento esperado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 6 \u2014 Calcular el ratio<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-250 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Comparar la distancia al Stop con la distancia al objetivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 7 \u2014 Comprobar el riesgo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-251 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Determinar cu\u00e1nto dinero estamos arriesgando.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 8 \u2014 Decidir<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-252 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si la operaci\u00f3n cumple nuestras reglas, podemos considerar la entrada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-253 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si no las cumple, simplemente esperamos otra oportunidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ratio utilizar?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-254 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No existe un ratio universal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-255 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos encontrar estrategias que funcionen con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-256 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-257 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1,5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-258 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-259 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-260 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">u otras relaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-261 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La cuesti\u00f3n fundamental es conocer mediante pruebas y estad\u00edsticas qu\u00e9 combinaci\u00f3n de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-262 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Ratio + porcentaje de acierto + costes + frecuencia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-263 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">produce resultados coherentes con nuestra estrategia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El backtesting es fundamental<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-264 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Antes de decidir que una determinada relaci\u00f3n funciona, debemos comprobarla con datos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-265 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos analizar, por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-266 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 operaciones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-267 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y comparar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-268\">\n<li>Ratio 1:1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ratio 1:1,5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ratio 1:2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ratio 1:3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-269 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Despu\u00e9s observamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-270\">\n<li>Porcentaje de acierto.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beneficio medio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u00e9rdida media.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Drawdown.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rachas de p\u00e9rdidas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resultado acumulado.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Costes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-271 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esto nos permite pasar de una opini\u00f3n a una evaluaci\u00f3n basada en datos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">No debemos obsesionarnos con un \u00fanico indicador<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-272 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio riesgo beneficio es una herramienta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-273 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No es una estrategia completa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-274 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una operaci\u00f3n debe evaluarse considerando diferentes elementos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-275 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Contexto<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-276 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-277 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Entrada<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-278 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-279 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Invalidaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-280 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-281 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Stop<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-282 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-283 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Objetivo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-284 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-285 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Ratio<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-286 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-287 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-288 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2193<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-289 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Ejecuci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-290 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esta visi\u00f3n permite entender el ratio dentro de un proceso de trading completo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo final: 1:1, 1:2 y 1:3<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-291 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos que arriesgamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-292 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1:1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-293 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">P\u00e9rdida potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-294 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u221210 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-295 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Beneficio potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-296 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1:2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-297 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">P\u00e9rdida potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-298 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u221210 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-299 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Beneficio potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-300 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+20 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1:3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-301 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">P\u00e9rdida potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-302 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u221210 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-303 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Beneficio potencial:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-304 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>+30 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-305 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La cantidad arriesgada es la misma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-306 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Lo que cambia es el objetivo potencial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-307 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero cuanto m\u00e1s lejos situamos el objetivo, debemos preguntarnos si existe una probabilidad razonable de que el mercado alcance ese nivel.operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusi\u00f3n<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-308 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El ratio riesgo beneficio es una herramienta fundamental para estructurar las operaciones de trading.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-309 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-310 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-311 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">significa que el beneficio potencial equivale al riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-312 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-313 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-314 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">significa que el beneficio potencial es el doble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-315 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-316 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-317 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">significa que el beneficio potencial es el triple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-318 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero un ratio elevado <strong>no convierte autom\u00e1ticamente una operaci\u00f3n en buena<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-319 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La verdadera utilidad aparece cuando combinamos el ratio con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-320\">\n<li>Calidad de la entrada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Probabilidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stop Loss.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objetivo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Costes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ejecuci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estad\u00edsticas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Backtesting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-321 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El objetivo no deber\u00eda ser buscar siempre el ratio m\u00e1s alto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-322 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Deber\u00eda ser encontrar una relaci\u00f3n <strong>coherente con nuestra estrategia y con el comportamiento real del mercado<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-323 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En definitiva:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-324 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>No importa solamente cu\u00e1nto podemos ganar si acertamos. Tambi\u00e9n importa cu\u00e1nto estamos arriesgando cuando nos equivocamos y con qu\u00e9 frecuencia ocurre cada escenario.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-325 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un trader que conoce estos datos puede tomar decisiones m\u00e1s estructuradas y evaluar su estrategia con criterios objetivos en lugar de basarse \u00fanicamente en el resultado de una operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcda Contin\u00faa aprendiendo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-326 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si quieres seguir profundizando en la gesti\u00f3n del riesgo, puedes continuar con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-327 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/proteger-cuenta-en-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00f3mo limitar las p\u00e9rdidas en trading: reglas para controlar el riesgo<\/a><\/strong><br>Aprende a establecer l\u00edmites para evitar que una operaci\u00f3n o una mala sesi\u00f3n afecten demasiado a tu cuenta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-328 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/tamano-de-posicion-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00f3mo calcular el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/strong><br>Descubre c\u00f3mo determinar el volumen adecuado teniendo en cuenta el capital, el riesgo y la distancia del Stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-329 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/drawdown-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Drawdown, p\u00e9rdidas consecutivas y supervivencia del trader: c\u00f3mo proteger la cuenta<\/a><\/strong><br>Comprende c\u00f3mo medir las ca\u00eddas de una cuenta y c\u00f3mo prepararte para periodos de resultados negativos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-330 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/riesgo-por-operacion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Riesgo por operaci\u00f3n: cu\u00e1nto dinero arriesgar en cada trade<\/a><\/strong><br>Aprende a determinar qu\u00e9 cantidad de capital puedes poner en riesgo en cada operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/blog\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ver todas las entradas del blog<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Volver a la p\u00e1gina principal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-331 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"color:#94a3b8;background-color:#111827\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-332 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:25px\">\u26a0\ufe0f Aviso importante<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-333 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este contenido tiene finalidad exclusivamente educativa y no constituye asesoramiento financiero ni una recomendaci\u00f3n de inversi\u00f3n. Los ejemplos son simplificados y no representan resultados garantizados. El trading implica riesgo de p\u00e9rdida de capital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para el ratio riesgo beneficio antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n de trading no basta con saber d\u00f3nde entrar. Tambi\u00e9n debemos saber cu\u00e1nto estamos dispuestos a perder y cu\u00e1nto esperamos obtener si el escenario se desarrolla a nuestro favor. Aqu\u00ed aparece uno de los conceptos fundamentales de la gesti\u00f3n de una operaci\u00f3n: el ratio riesgo beneficio. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gestion-del-riesgo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/696","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=696"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/696\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3085,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/696\/revisions\/3085"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=696"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=696"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=696"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}