{"id":675,"date":"2026-09-01T14:59:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T12:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/?p=675"},"modified":"2026-10-21T23:34:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T21:34:56","slug":"tamano-de-posicion-trading","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/tamano-de-posicion-trading\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo calcular el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/calcular-el-tamano-de-una-posicion-1024x683.png\" alt=\"C\u00f3mo calcular el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n en trading\" class=\"wp-image-682\" srcset=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/calcular-el-tamano-de-una-posicion-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/calcular-el-tamano-de-una-posicion-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/calcular-el-tamano-de-una-posicion-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/calcular-el-tamano-de-una-posicion.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una de las decisiones m\u00e1s importantes antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n de trading es determinar <strong>qu\u00e9 tama\u00f1o debe tener la posici\u00f3n<\/strong>, es decir el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Muchos traders principiantes deciden primero cu\u00e1ntos lotes, contratos o unidades quieren utilizar y despu\u00e9s colocan el Stop Loss. Este procedimiento puede hacer que el riesgo de la operaci\u00f3n sea mucho mayor de lo previsto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El proceso deber\u00eda ser el contrario:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Primero determinamos cu\u00e1nto dinero estamos dispuestos a arriesgar y d\u00f3nde estar\u00e1 nuestro Stop Loss. Despu\u00e9s calculamos el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esta forma de trabajar permite adaptar cada operaci\u00f3n a nuestra cuenta y evitar que una operaci\u00f3n con un Stop m\u00e1s amplio implique autom\u00e1ticamente una p\u00e9rdida excesiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Antes de calcular el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n es importante establecer unas reglas para <strong>limitar las p\u00e9rdidas en trading<\/strong> y determinar cu\u00e1nto capital estamos dispuestos a poner en riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n es la cantidad del activo que estamos comprando o vendiendo en una operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Dependiendo del mercado, puede expresarse mediante:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9\">\n<li>Lotes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unidades.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contratos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acciones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monedas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Otros sistemas de volumen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-10 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo, en Forex podemos utilizar lotes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-11 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En acciones podemos hablar de n\u00famero de acciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-12 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En futuros se utilizan contratos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-13 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El concepto es el mismo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-14 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>El tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n determina cu\u00e1nto capital estamos exponiendo a los movimientos del mercado.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-15 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cmegroup.com\/education\/courses\/trading-and-analysis\/position-sizing-and-risk-management.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CME Group<\/a> dispone de material educativo sobre gesti\u00f3n del tama\u00f1o de las posiciones y riesgo en las operaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 es importante calcularlo?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos dos operaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-17 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En la primera tenemos un Stop Loss muy cercano.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-18 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En la segunda, el Stop est\u00e1 mucho m\u00e1s alejado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si utilizamos exactamente el mismo tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n en ambas, la segunda operaci\u00f3n tendr\u00e1 normalmente un riesgo monetario superior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-20 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Mayor distancia al Stop \u2192 menor tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-22 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Menor distancia al Stop \u2192 mayor tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-23 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">si queremos mantener aproximadamente el mismo riesgo monetario.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-24 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esta relaci\u00f3n es fundamental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Los tres datos que necesitamos<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-25 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Para calcular correctamente el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n necesitamos conocer principalmente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">1. Capital de la cuenta<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-26 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfCu\u00e1nto dinero tenemos disponible?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">2. Riesgo m\u00e1ximo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-27 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfCu\u00e1nto dinero estamos dispuestos a perder si el Stop Loss es alcanzado?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">3. Distancia hasta el Stop Loss<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfCu\u00e1ntos puntos, pips o unidades existen entre la entrada y el Stop?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-29 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Con estos datos podemos determinar un tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n coherente con nuestro riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-30 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Es especialmente apropiado porque el contenido educativo de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.myfxbook.com\/es\/forex-calculators\/position-size\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">myfxbook<\/a> explica c\u00f3mo relacionar el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n y calcularlo con el riesgo y el Stop Loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riesgo porcentual y riesgo monetario<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-31 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos establecer nuestro riesgo de dos maneras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Riesgo porcentual<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-33 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,5 % de la cuenta<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Riesgo monetario<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-34 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-36 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Ambos conceptos est\u00e1n relacionados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-37 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos una cuenta de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-38 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1.000 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-39 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y establecemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-40 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,5 % de riesgo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El c\u00e1lculo ser\u00eda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-42 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1.000 \u00d7 0,005 = 5 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-43 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto, nuestro riesgo m\u00e1ximo previsto ser\u00eda de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">F\u00f3rmula b\u00e1sica<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-45 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una f\u00f3rmula simplificada para calcular el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-46 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n = Riesgo monetario \u00f7 Riesgo por unidad<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-47 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Donde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-48 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo monetario<\/strong> = cantidad m\u00e1xima que estamos dispuestos a perder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-49 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo por unidad<\/strong> = p\u00e9rdida que supondr\u00eda cada unidad si el Stop Loss fuese alcanzado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-50 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En Forex, CFDs y otros productos, la f\u00f3rmula exacta puede variar dependiendo del instrumento, divisa de la cuenta, valor del punto, tama\u00f1o del contrato y condiciones del broker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso debemos conocer las especificaciones concretas del producto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo sencillo con acciones<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Capital:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-54 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10.000 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-55 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Riesgo m\u00e1ximo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-56 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-57 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-58 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Queremos comprar una acci\u00f3n a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-60 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Nuestro Stop Loss est\u00e1 en:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>48 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-63 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La distancia hasta el Stop es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-64 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2 \u20ac por acci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-65 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si estamos dispuestos a perder como m\u00e1ximo 100 \u20ac, podemos calcular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-66 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 \u00f7 2 = 50 acciones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-67 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n = 50 acciones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-69 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si el Stop fuese alcanzado, la p\u00e9rdida te\u00f3rica ser\u00eda aproximadamente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-70 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 \u00d7 2 \u20ac = 100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">sin considerar comisiones, slippage u otros costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurre si el Stop est\u00e1 m\u00e1s lejos?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-72 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Mantengamos la misma cuenta:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-73 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10.000 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-74 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Riesgo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-75 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero ahora nuestro Stop est\u00e1 a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-77 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 \u20ac por acci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-78 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Calculamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-79 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 \u00f7 5 = 20 acciones<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-80 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n disminuye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-81 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esto demuestra un principio muy importante:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-82 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Cuanto mayor sea la distancia al Stop, menor debe ser el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n si queremos mantener constante el riesgo monetario.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo con Forex<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En Forex el c\u00e1lculo requiere tener en cuenta el valor del pip y las caracter\u00edsticas del par.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-84 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos una cuenta denominada en euros y una operaci\u00f3n en EUR\/USD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-86 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Capital:<\/strong> 5.000 \u20ac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-87 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo:<\/strong> 0,5 %<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-88 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-89 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo monetario = 25 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-90 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos que nuestro Stop est\u00e1 situado a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-91 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>25 pips<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-92 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si, para simplificar el ejemplo, el valor del pip de nuestro tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n fuera:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1 \u20ac por pip<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">el tama\u00f1o que permitir\u00eda asumir aproximadamente 25 \u20ac de riesgo ser\u00eda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-95 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>25 \u20ac \u00f7 25 pips = 1 \u20ac por pip<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto, buscar\u00edamos un volumen cuyo valor sea aproximadamente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-97 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1 \u20ac por pip<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-98 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El c\u00e1lculo real debe ajustarse al tama\u00f1o del contrato, divisa de la cuenta y valor del pip del instrumento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo con oro<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-99 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El oro, que suele aparecer en muchas plataformas como <strong>XAUUSD<\/strong>, requiere especial atenci\u00f3n porque el valor monetario de un movimiento depende de las especificaciones del contrato y del tama\u00f1o de lote utilizado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-100 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-101 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Capital:<\/strong> 1.000 $<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-102 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo m\u00e1ximo:<\/strong> 0,5 %<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-103 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-104 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo = 5 $<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-105 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Supongamos que nuestra entrada est\u00e1 en:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-106 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.500<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-107 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y el Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-108 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.495<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-109 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La distancia ser\u00eda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-110 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 d\u00f3lares<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-111 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Para determinar el volumen correcto necesitamos conocer cu\u00e1nto dinero supone un movimiento de 1 d\u00f3lar para el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n que estamos utilizando.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-112 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo, si un determinado volumen implicara una p\u00e9rdida de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-113 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1 $ por cada 1 $ de movimiento<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-114 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">entonces una distancia de 5 $ supondr\u00eda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-115 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 $ de riesgo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-116 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En ese caso, ese volumen ser\u00eda compatible con nuestro riesgo m\u00e1ximo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-117 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero <strong>no debemos asumir que 0,01 lotes siempre equivalen a una cantidad monetaria concreta<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-118 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El valor puede depender de las especificaciones del contrato de cada broker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El tama\u00f1o de lote no determina por s\u00ed solo el riesgo<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-119 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esta es una cuesti\u00f3n especialmente importante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-120 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Dos operaciones de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-121 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,10 lotes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-122 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">pueden tener riesgos monetarios diferentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-123 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfPor qu\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-124 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Porque pueden existir diferencias en:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-125\">\n<li>Instrumento.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distancia al Stop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Valor del punto.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tama\u00f1o del contrato.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Divisa de la cuenta.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-126 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso decir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-127 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"Siempre opero con 0,10 lotes\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-128 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">no significa necesariamente que siempre est\u00e9s arriesgando la misma cantidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-129 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El riesgo real depende de la combinaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-130 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Volumen + distancia del Stop + valor monetario del movimiento.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La distancia al Stop es fundamental<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-131 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos dos operaciones en el mismo instrumento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Operaci\u00f3n A<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-132 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Volumen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-133 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,10 lotes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-134 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-135 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Operaci\u00f3n B<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-136 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Volumen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-137 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,10 lotes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-138 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-139 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-140 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Aunque el volumen sea exactamente el mismo, la segunda operaci\u00f3n tiene una exposici\u00f3n cinco veces mayor al movimiento hasta el Stop, suponiendo el mismo valor monetario por punto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-141 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n no puede determinarse sin conocer d\u00f3nde estar\u00e1 el Stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">No debemos mover el Stop para mantener el tama\u00f1o<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-142 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Otro error consiste en querer utilizar siempre el mismo volumen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-143 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-144 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"Yo siempre utilizo 0,10 lotes.\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-145 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si una operaci\u00f3n requiere un Stop m\u00e1s amplio, podemos sentir la tentaci\u00f3n de acercar artificialmente el Stop para que el riesgo encaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-146 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esto puede ser un error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-147 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El Stop deber\u00eda colocarse donde la estrategia determine que la operaci\u00f3n queda invalidada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-148 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Despu\u00e9s ajustamos el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-149 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La secuencia correcta es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-150 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>An\u00e1lisis \u2192 Entrada \u2192 Stop \u2192 Riesgo \u2192 Tama\u00f1o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-151 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-152 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Tama\u00f1o \u2192 Entrada \u2192 Stop improvisado<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 ocurre si el tama\u00f1o calculado no coincide con el m\u00ednimo del broker?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-153 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Puede suceder que el tama\u00f1o calculado sea, por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-154 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,013 lotes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-155 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">pero que el broker solamente permita operar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-156 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,01 \/ 0,02 \/ 0,03...<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-157 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En ese caso tendremos que redondear de manera que <strong>no superemos el riesgo m\u00e1ximo previsto<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-158 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si calculamos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-159 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,013<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-160 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">y solo podemos utilizar incrementos de:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-161 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-162 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">podr\u00edamos utilizar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-163 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-164 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">en lugar de aumentar hasta:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-165 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,02<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-166 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">si este \u00faltimo volumen supera nuestro l\u00edmite de riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-167 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La prioridad debe ser siempre controlar el riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Riesgo previsto y riesgo real<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-168 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cuando calculamos el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n estamos estimando un riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-169 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero la p\u00e9rdida real puede ser diferente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-170 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Puede verse afectada por:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-171\">\n<li>Slippage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spread.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gaps.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Comisiones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swap.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Movimientos r\u00e1pidos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Condiciones de liquidez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-172 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso debemos diferenciar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-173 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo calculado<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-174 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">de<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-175 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Resultado real de la operaci\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-176 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un buen c\u00e1lculo reduce el riesgo previsto, pero no puede eliminar completamente los riesgos de ejecuci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-177 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Al calcular el coste real de una operaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n debemos considerar los <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/costes-de-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">costes de una operaci\u00f3n de trading<\/a><\/strong>, como el spread, las comisiones o el swap.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-178 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El resultado real puede diferir del c\u00e1lculo inicial debido, entre otros factores, al <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/slippage-en-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">slippage<\/a><\/strong>, especialmente durante movimientos r\u00e1pidos del mercado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00bfDebemos utilizar siempre el mismo porcentaje?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-179 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No necesariamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-180 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cada trader puede establecer sus propias reglas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-181 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Algunos pueden utilizar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-182 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,25 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-183 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Otros:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-184 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,5 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-185 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Otros:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-186 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-187 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Lo importante es que exista una regla coherente con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-188\">\n<li>Tama\u00f1o de la cuenta.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estrategia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Experiencia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Volatilidad.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Capacidad para soportar p\u00e9rdidas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objetivos del sistema.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-189 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No existe un porcentaje universal que sea correcto para todos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reducir el riesgo cuando aumenta la volatilidad<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-190 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una estrategia puede funcionar con normalidad en condiciones de mercado relativamente tranquilas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-191 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Pero durante determinados acontecimientos el mercado puede moverse mucho m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-192 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">En esas circunstancias podemos considerar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-193\">\n<li>Reducir el tama\u00f1o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aumentar la distancia del Stop si la estrategia lo requiere.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reducir la exposici\u00f3n total.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No operar determinadas noticias.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Esperar a que las condiciones se normalicen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-194 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La decisi\u00f3n depender\u00e1 de las reglas de nuestro sistema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-195 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Lo importante es no mantener autom\u00e1ticamente el mismo volumen cuando las condiciones del mercado han cambiado radicalmente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n y volatilidad<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-196 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La volatilidad tambi\u00e9n puede influir en la distancia razonable del Stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-197 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Un mercado muy vol\u00e1til puede necesitar un Stop m\u00e1s amplio para evitar que peque\u00f1os movimientos normales nos expulsen de la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-198 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si ampliamos el Stop pero mantenemos exactamente el mismo volumen, el riesgo aumenta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-199 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por eso:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-200 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Mayor volatilidad \u2192 Stop potencialmente m\u00e1s amplio \u2192 tama\u00f1o potencialmente menor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-201 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">si queremos mantener constante el riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">El tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n no debe depender del objetivo<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-202 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Otro error habitual es determinar el tama\u00f1o de la operaci\u00f3n en funci\u00f3n de cu\u00e1nto queremos ganar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-203 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-204 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\"Quiero ganar 100 \u20ac, as\u00ed que voy a utilizar este volumen.\"<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-205 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El razonamiento deber\u00eda comenzar por la p\u00e9rdida m\u00e1xima aceptable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-206 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Primero:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-207 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto puedo perder?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-208 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Despu\u00e9s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-209 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1 mi Stop?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-210 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Y finalmente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-211 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 tama\u00f1o puedo utilizar?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-212 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El beneficio potencial ser\u00e1 una consecuencia de la relaci\u00f3n entre el riesgo y el objetivo, no el punto de partida del c\u00e1lculo del volumen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Relaci\u00f3n entre tama\u00f1o y riesgo\/beneficio<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-213 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Imaginemos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-214 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Riesgo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-215 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>50 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-216 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Objetivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-217 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-218 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Tenemos una relaci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-219 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>1:2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-220 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n est\u00e1 correctamente calculado, podemos mantener ese riesgo aunque cambiemos la distancia del Stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-221 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por ejemplo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operaci\u00f3n A<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-222 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-223 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Operaci\u00f3n B<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-224 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-225 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>20 puntos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-226 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si mantenemos el mismo riesgo monetario, la segunda operaci\u00f3n tendr\u00e1 un tama\u00f1o aproximadamente menor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-227 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El objetivo tambi\u00e9n tendr\u00e1 que adaptarse a la estructura de la operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-228 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una vez determinado el tama\u00f1o de la posici\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n debemos valorar la <strong>relaci\u00f3n riesgo\/beneficio<\/strong> de la operaci\u00f3n antes de ejecutarla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Una calculadora de tama\u00f1o puede ayudar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-229 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Para operaciones frecuentes puede ser \u00fatil utilizar una calculadora de posici\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-230 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Estas herramientas permiten introducir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\" class=\"wp-block-list has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-231\">\n<li>Capital.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Porcentaje de riesgo.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instrumento.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Entrada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Divisa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tama\u00f1o del contrato.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-232 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Y obtener un volumen aproximado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-233 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Sin embargo, nunca debemos utilizar una calculadora sin comprobar previamente las especificaciones del instrumento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-234 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La herramienta puede realizar correctamente el c\u00e1lculo matem\u00e1tico y aun as\u00ed estar configurada con datos incorrectos para nuestro broker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u00e9 debemos comprobar en la plataforma<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-235 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Antes de operar conviene revisar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Tama\u00f1o m\u00ednimo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-236 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfCu\u00e1l es el volumen m\u00ednimo permitido?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Incremento<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-237 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 pasos podemos aumentar o disminuir el volumen?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Tama\u00f1o del contrato<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-238 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 cantidad representa un lote o contrato?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Valor del punto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-239 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfCu\u00e1nto dinero supone un movimiento determinado?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Divisa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-240 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 moneda est\u00e1 expresado el resultado?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Costes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-241 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u00bfExisten comisiones, swaps u otros costes?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-242 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Estas comprobaciones son especialmente importantes cuando cambiamos de instrumento o broker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-243 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n debe analizarse teniendo en cuenta el <a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/apalancamiento-y-margen-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>apalancamiento y margen<\/strong> <\/a>disponibles en la cuenta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ejemplo completo<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-244 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Vamos a realizar un ejemplo simplificado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-245 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cuenta:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-246 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.000 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-247 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Riesgo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-248 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>0,5 %<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 1. Calcular riesgo monetario<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-249 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2.000 \u00d7 0,005 = 10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-250 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Podemos arriesgar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-251 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 2. Analizar la operaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-252 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Entrada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-253 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>100<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-254 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Stop:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-255 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>98<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-256 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Distancia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-257 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 3. Determinar el riesgo por unidad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-258 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Cada unidad perder\u00eda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-259 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>2 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-260 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">si el Stop fuese alcanzado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 4. Calcular el tama\u00f1o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-261 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>10 \u20ac \u00f7 2 \u20ac = 5 unidades<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-262 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-263 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 unidades<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Paso 5. Comprobar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-264 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>5 \u00d7 2 \u20ac = 10 \u20ac<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-265 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El riesgo te\u00f3rico coincide con nuestro l\u00edmite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-266 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este es el principio b\u00e1sico que posteriormente adaptamos a cada instrumento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Errores habituales al calcular el tama\u00f1o<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Utilizar siempre el mismo n\u00famero de lotes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-267 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No tiene en cuenta la distancia del Stop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Calcular el volumen antes del Stop<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-268 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Puede provocar un riesgo excesivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Confundir lote con riesgo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-269 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El lote es volumen; el riesgo depende tambi\u00e9n del movimiento del precio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">No comprobar el valor del punto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-270 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Puede alterar completamente el c\u00e1lculo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Ignorar la divisa de la cuenta<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-271 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">El valor monetario puede requerir conversi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Olvidar los costes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-272 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La p\u00e9rdida real puede incluir comisiones, spread y otros costes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Redondear hacia arriba<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-273 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Puede hacer que superemos el riesgo m\u00e1ximo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:25px\">Aumentar el tama\u00f1o despu\u00e9s de perder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-274 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Transforma el c\u00e1lculo de riesgo en una decisi\u00f3n emocional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Checklist antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-275 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Antes de pulsar <strong>Comprar<\/strong> o <strong>Vender<\/strong>, podemos utilizar esta lista:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-276 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfCu\u00e1l es el capital disponible?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-277 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfCu\u00e1nto dinero estoy dispuesto a arriesgar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-278 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfCu\u00e1l es mi porcentaje de riesgo?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-279 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1 la entrada?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-280 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfD\u00f3nde est\u00e1 el Stop Loss?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-281 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfCu\u00e1l es la distancia hasta el Stop?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-282 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfCu\u00e1l es el valor monetario del movimiento?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-283 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfQu\u00e9 tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n corresponde?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-284 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfEl broker permite ese volumen?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-285 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfEl riesgo calculado est\u00e1 dentro de mi l\u00edmite?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-286 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\u2610 \u00bfHe tenido en cuenta spread, comisi\u00f3n y posible slippage?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-287 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si alguna de estas preguntas no est\u00e1 clara, puede ser preferible <strong>no abrir todav\u00eda la operaci\u00f3n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La f\u00f3rmula que debemos recordar<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-288 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Aunque cada mercado tiene sus particularidades, el concepto fundamental puede resumirse as\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-289 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n = riesgo monetario \u00f7 p\u00e9rdida por unidad si se alcanza el Stop<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-290 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-291 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Riesgo monetario = capital \u00d7 porcentaje de riesgo<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-292 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Por tanto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-293 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Capital \u2192 Riesgo \u2192 Stop \u2192 Tama\u00f1o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-294 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Esta secuencia deber\u00eda formar parte del proceso de preparaci\u00f3n de cualquier operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusi\u00f3n<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-295 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Calcular correctamente el tama\u00f1o de una posici\u00f3n es una de las herramientas m\u00e1s importantes para controlar el riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-296 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">No deber\u00edamos comenzar pregunt\u00e1ndonos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-297 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>\"\u00bfCu\u00e1ntos lotes voy a utilizar?\"<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-298 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La pregunta correcta es:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-299 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:16px\"><strong>\"\u00bfCu\u00e1nto estoy dispuesto a perder si esta operaci\u00f3n sale mal?\"<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-300 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">A partir de ah\u00ed determinamos d\u00f3nde debe estar el Stop y calculamos el volumen adecuado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-301 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">De esta manera podemos utilizar diferentes tama\u00f1os de posici\u00f3n dependiendo de las caracter\u00edsticas de cada operaci\u00f3n sin modificar necesariamente nuestro nivel de riesgo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-302 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">La idea fundamental es sencilla:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-303 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\"><strong>Primero controlamos la p\u00e9rdida potencial. Despu\u00e9s calculamos el tama\u00f1o.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-304 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Una posici\u00f3n correctamente dimensionada no garantiza que una operaci\u00f3n vaya a ser ganadora, pero evita que el volumen utilizado convierta una operaci\u00f3n normal en una p\u00e9rdida desproporcionada para nuestra cuenta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcda Contin\u00faa aprendiendo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-305 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Si quieres profundizar en la gesti\u00f3n del riesgo, puedes continuar con:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-306 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/proteger-cuenta-en-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00f3mo limitar las p\u00e9rdidas en trading: reglas para controlar el riesgo<\/a><\/strong><br>Descubre c\u00f3mo establecer l\u00edmites de p\u00e9rdida y proteger la cuenta frente a operaciones adversas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-307 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/ratio-riesgo-beneficio\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Riesgo\/beneficio: qu\u00e9 significa realmente una relaci\u00f3n 1:2, 1:3 o 1:1<\/a><\/strong><br>Aprende a interpretar la relaci\u00f3n entre la cantidad que arriesgas y el objetivo de una operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-308 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/drawdown-trading\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Drawdown, p\u00e9rdidas consecutivas y supervivencia del trader: c\u00f3mo proteger la cuenta<\/a><\/strong><br>Comprende c\u00f3mo afectan las p\u00e9rdidas acumuladas a una cuenta y por qu\u00e9 la supervivencia es fundamental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-309 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">\ud83d\udc49 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/riesgo-por-operacion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Riesgo por operaci\u00f3n: cu\u00e1nto dinero arriesgar en cada trade<\/a><\/strong><br>Profundiza en la cantidad que puede tener sentido arriesgar en cada operaci\u00f3n seg\u00fan el tama\u00f1o de la cuenta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/blog\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ver todas las entradas del blog<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Volver a la p\u00e1gina principal<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-310 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"color:#94a3b8;background-color:#111827\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-311 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:25px\">\u26a0\ufe0f Aviso importante<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-312 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#e5e7eb;font-size:18px\">Este contenido tiene finalidad exclusivamente educativa y no constituye asesoramiento financiero ni una recomendaci\u00f3n de inversi\u00f3n. Los c\u00e1lculos son ejemplos simplificados y el valor real de un lote, contrato, pip o punto depende de las especificaciones concretas del instrumento y del broker. El trading implica riesgo de p\u00e9rdida de capital.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Una de las decisiones m\u00e1s importantes antes de abrir una operaci\u00f3n de trading es determinar qu\u00e9 tama\u00f1o debe tener la posici\u00f3n, es decir el tama\u00f1o de posici\u00f3n. Muchos traders principiantes deciden primero cu\u00e1ntos lotes, contratos o unidades quieren utilizar y despu\u00e9s colocan el Stop Loss. Este procedimiento puede hacer que el riesgo de la operaci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":682,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-675","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gestion-del-riesgo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/675","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=675"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/675\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3086,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/675\/revisions\/3086"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=675"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=675"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antoniofernandez.net\/copia-divi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=675"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}